Volumetric Visualisation

Volumetric visualisation techniques can be used to create 3D representations of 2D patient data, such as MRI, CT, and PET scan images. 3D Slicer, open-source image computing platform, was used to produce 3D visualisations of complete data sets (Direct Volume Rendering), as well as segmented models of individual anatomical structures of interest (Indirect Volume Rendering).

 

Pelvis | after surgery

Indirect Volume Renderings of the post-surgery data, showing the surgical pins within the pelvis after surgery. Visualised from the (a) right, (b) front and (c) front-left.

tooth | direct volume rendering (DVR)

DVR was used to visualise the densities of the tooth. The crown is almost fully transparent to show the inner structure of the tooth pulp. Visualised from (a) the front and (b) the back.

Brain tumour | spatial relationship with the surrounding structures

Indirect volume rendering was used to construct models of the tumour (PET scan data), the brain (MRI scan data) and the skull (CT scan data). Once combined, the opacities of the brain and skull were adjusted to show the spatial relationship of the tumour to the surrounding organs.

brain tumour | Appearance: the tumour capsule and internal region

Indirect volume rendering was used to visualise the tumour from both MRI (top row) and PET (bottom row) scan data.

brian tumour | The structure and the surrounding organs

The structure of the tumour was visualised from the MRI scan data using Direct Volume Rendering, allowing the density of the tumour to be visualised and compared to that of the surrounding organs. Cropped views from the (a) right side and (b) anterior to enable viewing of the tumour.

lung tumours | Locations within the surrounding organs

Showing the (a) anterior and (b) top view of the tumours, one located in the right lung and one located in the left lung.